02540nas a2200229 4500008004100000245009600041210006900137260001300206490000700219520184300226100002102069700001802090700001402108700001502122700002802137700002302165700002302188700002402211700001802235700002002253856003702273 2022 eng d00aMany-Body Quantum Teleportation via Operator Spreading in the Traversable Wormhole Protocol0 aManyBody Quantum Teleportation via Operator Spreading in the Tra c8/5/20220 v123 a
By leveraging shared entanglement between a pair of qubits, one can teleport a quantum state from one particle to another. Recent advances have uncovered an intrinsically many-body generalization of quantum teleportation, with an elegant and surprising connection to gravity. In particular, the teleportation of quantum information relies on many-body dynamics, which originate from strongly-interacting systems that are holographically dual to gravity; from the gravitational perspective, such quantum teleportation can be understood as the transmission of information through a traversable wormhole. Here, we propose and analyze a new mechanism for many-body quantum teleportation -- dubbed peaked-size teleportation. Intriguingly, peaked-size teleportation utilizes precisely the same type of quantum circuit as traversable wormhole teleportation, yet has a completely distinct microscopic origin: it relies upon the spreading of local operators under generic thermalizing dynamics and not gravitational physics. We demonstrate the ubiquity of peaked-size teleportation, both analytically and numerically, across a diverse landscape of physical systems, including random unitary circuits, the Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev model (at high temperatures), one-dimensional spin chains and a bulk theory of gravity with stringy corrections. Our results pave the way towards using many-body quantum teleportation as a powerful experimental tool for: (i) characterizing the size distributions of operators in strongly-correlated systems and (ii) distinguishing between generic and intrinsically gravitational scrambling dynamics. To this end, we provide a detailed experimental blueprint for realizing many-body quantum teleportation in both trapped ions and Rydberg atom arrays; effects of decoherence and experimental imperfections are analyzed.
1 aSchuster, Thomas1 aKobrin, Bryce1 aGao, Ping1 aCong, Iris1 aKhabiboulline, Emil, T.1 aLinke, Norbert, M.1 aLukin, Mikhail, D.1 aMonroe, Christopher1 aYoshida, Beni1 aYao, Norman, Y. uhttps://arxiv.org/abs/2102.0001002955nas a2200397 4500008004100000245008600041210006900127260001500196520181200211100002102023700002302044700002002067700001702087700002202104700001702126700002502143700001802168700001902186700001702205700001702222700002702239700001502266700001702281700001802298700001702316700001602333700002002349700001902369700002302388700002502411700002402436700001802460700002002478700002202498856003702520 2019 eng d00aDevelopment of Quantum InterConnects for Next-Generation Information Technologies0 aDevelopment of Quantum InterConnects for NextGeneration Informat c12/13/20193 aJust as classical information technology rests on a foundation built of interconnected information-processing systems, quantum information technology (QIT) must do the same. A critical component of such systems is the interconnect, a device or process that allows transfer of information between disparate physical media, for example, semiconductor electronics, individual atoms, light pulses in optical fiber, or microwave fields. While interconnects have been well engineered for decades in the realm of classical information technology, quantum interconnects (QuICs) present special challenges, as they must allow the transfer of fragile quantum states between different physical parts or degrees of freedom of the system. The diversity of QIT platforms (superconducting, atomic, solid-state color center, optical, etc.) that will form a quantum internet poses additional challenges. As quantum systems scale to larger size, the quantum interconnect bottleneck is imminent, and is emerging as a grand challenge for QIT. For these reasons, it is the position of the community represented by participants of the NSF workshop on Quantum Interconnects that accelerating QuIC research is crucial for sustained development of a national quantum science and technology program. Given the diversity of QIT platforms, materials used, applications, and infrastructure required, a convergent research program including partnership between academia, industry and national laboratories is required. This document is a summary from a U.S. National Science Foundation supported workshop held on 31 October - 1 November 2019 in Alexandria, VA. Attendees were charged to identify the scientific and community needs, opportunities, and significant challenges for quantum interconnects over the next 2-5 years.
1 aAwschalom, David1 aBerggren, Karl, K.1 aBernien, Hannes1 aBhave, Sunil1 aCarr, Lincoln, D.1 aDavids, Paul1 aEconomou, Sophia, E.1 aEnglund, Dirk1 aFaraon, Andrei1 aFejer, Marty1 aGuha, Saikat1 aGustafsson, Martin, V.1 aHu, Evelyn1 aJiang, Liang1 aKim, Jungsang1 aKorzh, Boris1 aKumar, Prem1 aKwiat, Paul, G.1 aLončar, Marko1 aLukin, Mikhail, D.1 aMiller, David, A. B.1 aMonroe, Christopher1 aNam, Sae, Woo1 aNarang, Prineha1 aOrcutt, Jason, S. uhttps://arxiv.org/abs/1912.0664201947nas a2200397 4500008004100000245005400041210005400095260001500149520085000164100001801014700001601032700002301048700002301071700002201094700002401116700001901140700001801159700001801177700002001195700002501215700001801240700001801258700001901276700001901295700001601314700002301330700001901353700001701372700002401389700001901413700002201432700001901454700001901473700002001492856003701512 2019 eng d00aQuantum Computer Systems for Scientific Discovery0 aQuantum Computer Systems for Scientific Discovery c12/16/20193 aThe great promise of quantum computers comes with the dual challenges of building them and finding their useful applications. We argue that these two challenges should be considered together, by co-designing full stack quantum computer systems along with their applications in order to hasten their development and potential for scientific discovery. In this context, we identify scientific and community needs, opportunities, and significant challenges for the development of quantum computers for science over the next 2-10 years. This document is written by a community of university, national laboratory, and industrial researchers in the field of Quantum Information Science and Technology, and is based on a summary from a U.S. National Science Foundation workshop on Quantum Computing held on October 21-22, 2019 in Alexandria, VA.
1 aAlexeev, Yuri1 aBacon, Dave1 aBrown, Kenneth, R.1 aCalderbank, Robert1 aCarr, Lincoln, D.1 aChong, Frederic, T.1 aDeMarco, Brian1 aEnglund, Dirk1 aFarhi, Edward1 aFefferman, Bill1 aGorshkov, Alexey, V.1 aHouck, Andrew1 aKim, Jungsang1 aKimmel, Shelby1 aLange, Michael1 aLloyd, Seth1 aLukin, Mikhail, D.1 aMaslov, Dmitri1 aMaunz, Peter1 aMonroe, Christopher1 aPreskill, John1 aRoetteler, Martin1 aSavage, Martin1 aThompson, Jeff1 aVazirani, Umesh uhttps://arxiv.org/abs/1912.0757702892nas a2200397 4500008004100000245005600041210005500097260001500152520177700167100001701944700002301961700002101984700002202005700001902027700001602046700001902062700002502081700002302106700002002129700002002149700002602169700002302195700002402218700002202242700002302264700001602287700001302303700002002316700002402336700001702360700001902377700001802396700002302414700002002437856003702457 2019 eng d00aQuantum Simulators: Architectures and Opportunities0 aQuantum Simulators Architectures and Opportunities c12/14/20193 aQuantum simulators are a promising technology on the spectrum of quantum devices from specialized quantum experiments to universal quantum computers. These quantum devices utilize entanglement and many-particle behaviors to explore and solve hard scientific, engineering, and computational problems. Rapid development over the last two decades has produced more than 300 quantum simulators in operation worldwide using a wide variety of experimental platforms. Recent advances in several physical architectures promise a golden age of quantum simulators ranging from highly optimized special purpose simulators to flexible programmable devices. These developments have enabled a convergence of ideas drawn from fundamental physics, computer science, and device engineering. They have strong potential to address problems of societal importance, ranging from understanding vital chemical processes, to enabling the design of new materials with enhanced performance, to solving complex computational problems. It is the position of the community, as represented by participants of the NSF workshop on "Programmable Quantum Simulators," that investment in a national quantum simulator program is a high priority in order to accelerate the progress in this field and to result in the first practical applications of quantum machines. Such a program should address two areas of emphasis: (1) support for creating quantum simulator prototypes usable by the broader scientific community, complementary to the present universal quantum computer effort in industry; and (2) support for fundamental research carried out by a blend of multi-investigator, multi-disciplinary collaborations with resources for quantum simulator software, hardware, and education.
1 aAltman, Ehud1 aBrown, Kenneth, R.1 aCarleo, Giuseppe1 aCarr, Lincoln, D.1 aDemler, Eugene1 aChin, Cheng1 aDeMarco, Brian1 aEconomou, Sophia, E.1 aEriksson, Mark, A.1 aFu, Kai-Mei, C.1 aGreiner, Markus1 aHazzard, Kaden, R. A.1 aHulet, Randall, G.1 aKollár, Alicia, J.1 aLev, Benjamin, L.1 aLukin, Mikhail, D.1 aMa, Ruichao1 aMi, Xiao1 aMisra, Shashank1 aMonroe, Christopher1 aMurch, Kater1 aNazario, Zaira1 aNi, Kang-Kuen1 aPotter, Andrew, C.1 aRoushan, Pedram uhttps://arxiv.org/abs/1912.0693802023nas a2200241 4500008004100000245007500041210006900116260001500185300001200200490000800212520128400220100001701504700002901521700002201550700002601572700002101598700002501619700002301644700001601667700002301683700002001706856005501726 2018 eng d00aObservation of three-photon bound states in a quantum nonlinear medium0 aObservation of threephoton bound states in a quantum nonlinear m c2018/02/16 a783-7860 v3593 aBound states of massive particles, such as nuclei, atoms or molecules, are ubiquitous in nature and constitute the bulk of the visible world around us. In contrast, photons typically only weakly influence each other due to their very weak interactions and vanishing mass. We report the observation of traveling three-photon bound states in a quantum nonlinear medium where the interactions between photons are mediated by atomic Rydberg states. In particular, photon correlation and conditional phase measurements reveal the distinct features associated with three-photon and two-photon bound states. Such photonic trimers and dimers can be viewed as quantum solitons with shape-preserving wavefunctions that depend on the constituent photon number. The observed bunching and strongly nonlinear optical phase are quantitatively described by an effective field theory (EFT) of Rydberg-induced photon-photon interactions, which demonstrates the presence of a substantial effective three-body force between the photons. These observations pave the way towards the realization, studies, and control of strongly interacting quantum many-body states of light.
1 aLiang, Qi-Yu1 aVenkatramani, Aditya, V.1 aCantu, Sergio, H.1 aNicholson, Travis, L.1 aGullans, Michael1 aGorshkov, Alexey, V.1 aThompson, Jeff, D.1 aChin, Cheng1 aLukin, Mikhail, D.1 aVuletic, Vladan uhttp://science.sciencemag.org/content/359/6377/78302029nas a2200241 4500008004100000245006600041210006500107260001400172490000800186520133800194100002601532700001801558700002301576700001201599700002201611700002101633700002001654700002301674700001201697700002101709700002001730856003701750 2014 eng d00aMany-body dynamics of dipolar molecules in an optical lattice0 aManybody dynamics of dipolar molecules in an optical lattice c2014/11/70 v1133 a Understanding the many-body dynamics of isolated quantum systems is one of the central challenges in modern physics. To this end, the direct experimental realization of strongly correlated quantum systems allows one to gain insights into the emergence of complex phenomena. Such insights enable the development of theoretical tools that broaden our understanding. Here, we theoretically model and experimentally probe with Ramsey spectroscopy the quantum dynamics of disordered, dipolar-interacting, ultracold molecules in a partially filled optical lattice. We report the capability to control the dipolar interaction strength, and we demonstrate that the many-body dynamics extends well beyond a nearest-neighbor or mean-field picture, and cannot be quantitatively described using previously available theoretical tools. We develop a novel cluster expansion technique and demonstrate that our theoretical method accurately captures the measured dependence of the spin dynamics on molecule number and on the dipolar interaction strength. In the spirit of quantum simulation, this agreement simultaneously benchmarks the new theoretical method and verifies our microscopic understanding of the experiment. Our findings pave the way for numerous applications in quantum information science, metrology, and condensed matter physics. 1 aHazzard, Kaden, R. A.1 aGadway, Bryce1 aFoss-Feig, Michael1 aYan, Bo1 aMoses, Steven, A.1 aCovey, Jacob, P.1 aYao, Norman, Y.1 aLukin, Mikhail, D.1 aYe, Jun1 aJin, Deborah, S.1 aRey, Ana, Maria uhttp://arxiv.org/abs/1402.2354v101470nas a2200205 4500008004100000245006500041210006400106260001500170300001400185490000800199520087200207100001701079700002201096700002001118700002101138700002301159700002501182700002001207856003701227 2013 eng d00aAll-Optical Switch and Transistor Gated by One Stored Photon0 aAllOptical Switch and Transistor Gated by One Stored Photon c2013/07/04 a768 - 7700 v3413 a The realization of an all-optical transistor where one 'gate' photon controls a 'source' light beam, is a long-standing goal in optics. By stopping a light pulse in an atomic ensemble contained inside an optical resonator, we realize a device in which one stored gate photon controls the resonator transmission of subsequently applied source photons. A weak gate pulse induces bimodal transmission distribution, corresponding to zero and one gate photons. One stored gate photon produces fivefold source attenuation, and can be retrieved from the atomic ensemble after switching more than one source photon. Without retrieval, one stored gate photon can switch several hundred source photons. With improved storage and retrieval efficiency, our work may enable various new applications, including photonic quantum gates, and deterministic multiphoton entanglement. 1 aChen, Wenlan1 aBeck, Kristin, M.1 aBücker, Robert1 aGullans, Michael1 aLukin, Mikhail, D.1 aTanji-Suzuki, Haruka1 aVuletic, Vladan uhttp://arxiv.org/abs/1401.3194v100504nas a2200169 4500008004100000245005300041210005300094300000700147490000800154100002200162700002300184700001700207700002500224700002300249700002000272856004200292 2013 eng d00aAttractive Photons in a Quantum Nonlinear Medium0 aAttractive Photons in a Quantum Nonlinear Medium a710 v5021 aFirstenberg, Ofer1 aPeyronel, Thibault1 aLiang, Qi-Yu1 aGorshkov, Alexey, V.1 aLukin, Mikhail, D.1 aVuletic, Vladan uhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature1251201995nas a2200205 4500008004100000245005100041210005100092260001300143490000700156520142000163100002001583700001901603700002301622700002401645700001801669700002301687700001701710700002501727856003701752 2013 eng d00aQuantum Logic between Remote Quantum Registers0 aQuantum Logic between Remote Quantum Registers c2013/2/60 v873 a We analyze two approaches to quantum state transfer in solid-state spin systems. First, we consider unpolarized spin-chains and extend previous analysis to various experimentally relevant imperfections, including quenched disorder, dynamical decoherence, and uncompensated long range coupling. In finite-length chains, the interplay between disorder-induced localization and decoherence yields a natural optimal channel fidelity, which we calculate. Long-range dipolar couplings induce a finite intrinsic lifetime for the mediating eigenmode; extensive numerical simulations of dipolar chains of lengths up to L=12 show remarkably high fidelity despite these decay processes. We further consider the extension of the protocol to bosonic systems of coupled oscillators. Second, we introduce a quantum mirror based architecture for universal quantum computing which exploits all of the spins in the system as potential qubits. While this dramatically increases the number of qubits available, the composite operations required to manipulate "dark" spin qubits significantly raise the error threshold for robust operation. Finally, as an example, we demonstrate that eigenmode-mediated state transfer can enable robust long-range logic between spatially separated Nitrogen-Vacancy registers in diamond; numerical simulations confirm that high fidelity gates are achievable even in the presence of moderate disorder. 1 aYao, Norman, Y.1 aGong, Zhe-Xuan1 aLaumann, Chris, R.1 aBennett, Steven, D.1 aDuan, L., -M.1 aLukin, Mikhail, D.1 aJiang, Liang1 aGorshkov, Alexey, V. uhttp://arxiv.org/abs/1206.0014v101351nas a2200181 4500008004100000245006100041210006100102260001400163490000800177520081800185100002001003700002501023700002301048700002601071700001201097700002301109856003701132 2013 eng d00aRealizing Fractional Chern Insulators with Dipolar Spins0 aRealizing Fractional Chern Insulators with Dipolar Spins c2013/4/290 v1103 a Strongly correlated quantum systems can exhibit exotic behavior controlled by topology. We predict that the \nu=1/2 fractional Chern insulator arises naturally in a two-dimensional array of driven, dipolar-interacting spins. As a specific implementation, we analyze how to prepare and detect synthetic gauge potentials for the rotational excitations of ultra-cold polar molecules trapped in a deep optical lattice. While the orbital motion of the molecules is pinned, at finite densities, the rotational excitations form a fractional Chern insulator. We present a detailed experimental blueprint for KRb, and demonstrate that the energetics are consistent with near-term capabilities. Prospects for the realization of such phases in solid-state dipolar systems are discussed as are their possible applications. 1 aYao, Norman, Y.1 aGorshkov, Alexey, V.1 aLaumann, Chris, R.1 aLäuchli, Andreas, M.1 aYe, Jun1 aLukin, Mikhail, D. uhttp://arxiv.org/abs/1212.4839v101443nas a2200217 4500008004100000245007500041210006900116260001400185300000900199490000600208520080900214100002001023700002301043700002501066700002001091700001701111700001901128700001801147700002301165856003701188 2013 eng d00aTopologically Protected Quantum State Transfer in a Chiral Spin Liquid0 aTopologically Protected Quantum State Transfer in a Chiral Spin c2013/3/12 a15850 v43 a Topology plays a central role in ensuring the robustness of a wide variety of physical phenomena. Notable examples range from the robust current carrying edge states associated with the quantum Hall and the quantum spin Hall effects to proposals involving topologically protected quantum memory and quantum logic operations. Here, we propose and analyze a topologically protected channel for the transfer of quantum states between remote quantum nodes. In our approach, state transfer is mediated by the edge mode of a chiral spin liquid. We demonstrate that the proposed method is intrinsically robust to realistic imperfections associated with disorder and decoherence. Possible experimental implementations and applications to the detection and characterization of spin liquid phases are discussed. 1 aYao, Norman, Y.1 aLaumann, Chris, R.1 aGorshkov, Alexey, V.1 aWeimer, Hendrik1 aJiang, Liang1 aCirac, Ignacio1 aZoller, Peter1 aLukin, Mikhail, D. uhttp://arxiv.org/abs/1110.3788v101927nas a2200205 4500008004100000245009400041210006900135260001400204300000800218490000600226520130900232100002001541700001701561700002501578700002201603700001701625700001901642700002301661856003701684 2012 eng d00aScalable Architecture for a Room Temperature Solid-State Quantum Information Processor 0 aScalable Architecture for a Room Temperature SolidState Quantum c2012/4/24 a8000 v33 a The realization of a scalable quantum information processor has emerged over the past decade as one of the central challenges at the interface of fundamental science and engineering. Much progress has been made towards this goal. Indeed, quantum operations have been demonstrated on several trapped ion qubits, and other solid-state systems are approaching similar levels of control. Extending these techniques to achieve fault-tolerant operations in larger systems with more qubits remains an extremely challenging goal, in part, due to the substantial technical complexity of current implementations. Here, we propose and analyze an architecture for a scalable, solid-state quantum information processor capable of operating at or near room temperature. The architecture is applicable to realistic conditions, which include disorder and relevant decoherence mechanisms, and includes a hierarchy of control at successive length scales. Our approach is based upon recent experimental advances involving Nitrogen-Vacancy color centers in diamond and will provide fundamental insights into the physics of non-equilibrium many-body quantum systems. Additionally, the proposed architecture may greatly alleviate the stringent constraints, currently limiting the realization of scalable quantum processors. 1 aYao, Norman, Y.1 aJiang, Liang1 aGorshkov, Alexey, V.1 aMaurer, Peter, C.1 aGiedke, Geza1 aCirac, Ignacio1 aLukin, Mikhail, D. uhttp://arxiv.org/abs/1012.2864v101339nas a2200193 4500008004100000245005300041210005300094260001500147490000800162520078600170100002000956700002300976700002500999700002401024700001901048700001801067700002301085856003701108 2012 eng d00aTopological Flat Bands from Dipolar Spin Systems0 aTopological Flat Bands from Dipolar Spin Systems c2012/12/260 v1093 a We propose and analyze a physical system that naturally admits two-dimensional topological nearly flat bands. Our approach utilizes an array of three-level dipoles (effective S = 1 spins) driven by inhomogeneous electromagnetic fields. The dipolar interactions produce arbitrary uniform background gauge fields for an effective collection of conserved hardcore bosons, namely, the dressed spin-flips. These gauge fields result in topological band structures, whose bandgap can be larger than the corresponding bandwidth. Exact diagonalization of the full interacting Hamiltonian at half-filling reveals the existence of superfluid, crystalline, and supersolid phases. An experimental realization using either ultra-cold polar molecules or spins in the solid state is considered. 1 aYao, Norman, Y.1 aLaumann, Chris, R.1 aGorshkov, Alexey, V.1 aBennett, Steven, D.1 aDemler, Eugene1 aZoller, Peter1 aLukin, Mikhail, D. uhttp://arxiv.org/abs/1207.4479v301088nas a2200169 4500008004100000245005200041210005100093260001400144490000800158520060000166100002500766700002400791700002600815700001700841700002300858856003700881 2011 eng d00aPhoton-Photon Interactions via Rydberg Blockade0 aPhotonPhoton Interactions via Rydberg Blockade c2011/9/220 v1073 a We develop the theory of light propagation under the conditions of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in systems involving strongly interacting Rydberg states. Taking into account the quantum nature and the spatial propagation of light, we analyze interactions involving few-photon pulses. We demonstrate that this system can be used for the generation of nonclassical states of light including trains of single photons with an avoided volume between them, for implementing photon-photon quantum gates, as well as for studying many-body phenomena with strongly correlated photons. 1 aGorshkov, Alexey, V.1 aOtterbach, Johannes1 aFleischhauer, Michael1 aPohl, Thomas1 aLukin, Mikhail, D. uhttp://arxiv.org/abs/1103.3700v101573nas a2200181 4500008004100000245004700041210004700088260001400135490000700149520106900156100002501225700002701250700001501277700001901292700002301311700002001334856003701354 2011 eng d00aQuantum Magnetism with Polar Alkali Dimers0 aQuantum Magnetism with Polar Alkali Dimers c2011/9/150 v843 a We show that dipolar interactions between ultracold polar alkali dimers in optical lattices can be used to realize a highly tunable generalization of the t-J model, which we refer to as the t-J-V-W model. The model features long-range spin-spin interactions J_z and J_perp of XXZ type, long-range density-density interaction V, and long-range density-spin interaction W, all of which can be controlled in both magnitude and sign independently of each other and of the tunneling t. The "spin" is encoded in the rotational degree of freedom of the molecules, while the interactions are controlled by applied static electric and continuous-wave microwave fields. Furthermore, we show that nuclear spins of the molecules can be used to implement an additional (orbital) degree of freedom that is coupled to the original rotational degree of freedom in a tunable way. The presented system is expected to exhibit exotic physics and to provide insights into strongly correlated phenomena in condensed matter systems. Realistic experimental imperfections are discussed. 1 aGorshkov, Alexey, V.1 aManmana, Salvatore, R.1 aChen, Gang1 aDemler, Eugene1 aLukin, Mikhail, D.1 aRey, Ana, Maria uhttp://arxiv.org/abs/1106.1655v101404nas a2200193 4500008004100000245006800041210006800109260001400177490000800191520083700199100002001036700001701056700002501073700001901098700001501117700001801132700002301150856003701173 2011 eng d00aRobust Quantum State Transfer in Random Unpolarized Spin Chains0 aRobust Quantum State Transfer in Random Unpolarized Spin Chains c2011/1/270 v1063 a We propose and analyze a new approach for quantum state transfer between remote spin qubits. Specifically, we demonstrate that coherent quantum coupling between remote qubits can be achieved via certain classes of random, unpolarized (infinite temperature) spin chains. Our method is robust to coupling strength disorder and does not require manipulation or control over individual spins. In principle, it can be used to attain perfect state transfer over arbitrarily long range via purely Hamiltonian evolution and may be particularly applicable in a solid-state quantum information processor. As an example, we demonstrate that it can be used to attain strong coherent coupling between Nitrogen-Vacancy centers separated by micrometer distances at room temperature. Realistic imperfections and decoherence effects are analyzed. 1 aYao, Norman, Y.1 aJiang, Liang1 aGorshkov, Alexey, V.1 aGong, Zhe-Xuan1 aZhai, Alex1 aDuan, L., -M.1 aLukin, Mikhail, D. uhttp://arxiv.org/abs/1011.2762v201551nas a2200193 4500008004100000245008200041210006900123260001300192490000800205520096600213100002501179700002701204700001501231700001201246700001901258700002301277700002001300856003701320 2011 eng d00aTunable Superfluidity and Quantum Magnetism with Ultracold Polar Molecules 0 aTunable Superfluidity and Quantum Magnetism with Ultracold Polar c2011/9/80 v1073 a By selecting two dressed rotational states of ultracold polar molecules in an optical lattice, we obtain a highly tunable generalization of the t-J model, which we refer to as the t-J-V-W model. In addition to XXZ spin exchange, the model features density-density interactions and novel density-spin interactions; all interactions are dipolar. We show that full control of all interaction parameters in both magnitude and sign can be achieved independently of each other and of the tunneling. As a first step towards demonstrating the potential of the system, we apply the density matrix renormalization group method (DMRG) to obtain the 1D phase diagram of the simplest experimentally realizable case. Specifically, we show that the tunability and the long-range nature of the interactions in the t-J-V-W model enable enhanced superfluidity. Finally, we show that Bloch oscillations in a tilted lattice can be used to probe the phase diagram experimentally. 1 aGorshkov, Alexey, V.1 aManmana, Salvatore, R.1 aChen, Gang1 aYe, Jun1 aDemler, Eugene1 aLukin, Mikhail, D.1 aRey, Ana, Maria uhttp://arxiv.org/abs/1106.1644v101036nas a2200181 4500008004100000245006600041210006500107260001400172490000700186520050100193100002500694700001700719700002100736700001800757700002300775700001900798856003700817 2010 eng d00aAdiabatic preparation of many-body states in optical lattices0 aAdiabatic preparation of manybody states in optical lattices c2010/6/220 v813 a We analyze a technique for the preparation of low entropy many body states of atoms in optical lattices based on adiabatic passage. In particular, we show that this method allows preparation of strongly correlated states as stable highest energy states of Hamiltonians that have trivial ground states. As an example, we analyze the generation of antiferromagnetically ordered states by adiabatic change of a staggered field acting on the spins of bosonic atoms with ferromagnetic interactions. 1 aSorensen, Anders, S.1 aAltman, Ehud1 aGullans, Michael1 aPorto, J., V.1 aLukin, Mikhail, D.1 aDemler, Eugene uhttp://arxiv.org/abs/0906.2567v301226nas a2200181 4500008004100000245008600041210006900127260001400196490000700210520065700217100002300874700001700897700002500914700002000939700002500959700002300984856003701007 2010 eng d00aFast Entanglement Distribution with Atomic Ensembles and Fluorescent Detection 0 aFast Entanglement Distribution with Atomic Ensembles and Fluores c2010/2/120 v813 a Quantum repeaters based on atomic ensemble quantum memories are promising candidates for achieving scalable distribution of entanglement over long distances. Recently, important experimental progress has been made towards their implementation. However, the entanglement rates and scalability of current approaches are limited by relatively low retrieval and single-photon detector efficiencies. We propose a scheme, which makes use of fluorescent detection of stored excitations to significantly increase the efficiency of connection and hence the rate. Practical performance and possible experimental realizations of the new protocol are discussed. 1 aBrask, Jonatan, B.1 aJiang, Liang1 aGorshkov, Alexey, V.1 aVuletic, Vladan1 aSorensen, Anders, S.1 aLukin, Mikhail, D. uhttp://arxiv.org/abs/0907.3839v201038nas a2200169 4500008004100000245008300041210006900124260001300193490000800206520050000214100002500714700002400739700001900763700002600782700002300808856003700831 2010 eng d00aPhotonic Phase Gate via an Exchange of Fermionic Spin Waves in a Spin Chain 0 aPhotonic Phase Gate via an Exchange of Fermionic Spin Waves in a c2010/8/50 v1053 a We propose a new protocol for implementing the two-qubit photonic phase gate. In our approach, the pi phase is acquired by mapping two single photons into atomic excitations with fermionic character and exchanging their positions. The fermionic excitations are realized as spin waves in a spin chain, while photon storage techniques provide the interface between the photons and the spin waves. Possible imperfections and experimental systems suitable for implementing the gate are discussed. 1 aGorshkov, Alexey, V.1 aOtterbach, Johannes1 aDemler, Eugene1 aFleischhauer, Michael1 aLukin, Mikhail, D. uhttp://arxiv.org/abs/1001.0968v301223nas a2200193 4500008004100000245006200041210005900103260001400162490000800176520066700184100002500851700002000876700002200896700002100918700001200939700001800951700002300969856003700992 2009 eng d00aAlkaline-Earth-Metal Atoms as Few-Qubit Quantum Registers0 aAlkalineEarthMetal Atoms as FewQubit Quantum Registers c2009/3/180 v1023 a We propose and analyze a novel approach to quantum information processing, in which multiple qubits can be encoded and manipulated using electronic and nuclear degrees of freedom associated with individual alkaline-earth atoms trapped in an optical lattice. Specifically, we describe how the qubits within each register can be individually manipulated and measured with sub-wavelength optical resolution. We also show how such few-qubit registers can be coupled to each other in optical superlattices via conditional tunneling to form a scalable quantum network. Finally, potential applications to quantum computation and precision measurements are discussed. 1 aGorshkov, Alexey, V.1 aRey, Ana, Maria1 aDaley, Andrew, J.1 aBoyd, Martin, M.1 aYe, Jun1 aZoller, Peter1 aLukin, Mikhail, D. uhttp://arxiv.org/abs/0812.3660v201343nas a2200193 4500008004100000245007300041210006900114260001300183490000700196520075700203100001400960700002500974700002100999700002601020700002001046700002301066700002301089856003701112 2009 eng d00aRealization of Coherent Optically Dense Media via Buffer-Gas Cooling0 aRealization of Coherent Optically Dense Media via BufferGas Cool c2009/1/60 v793 a We demonstrate that buffer-gas cooling combined with laser ablation can be used to create coherent optical media with high optical depth and low Doppler broadening that offers metastable states with low collisional and motional decoherence. Demonstration of this generic technique opens pathways to coherent optics with a large variety of atoms and molecules. We use helium buffer gas to cool 87Rb atoms to below 7 K and slow atom diffusion to the walls. Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in this medium allows for 50% transmission in a medium with initial OD >70 and for slow pulse propagation with large delay-bandwidth products. In the high-OD regime, we observe high-contrast spectrum oscillations due to efficient four-wave mixing. 1 aHong, Tao1 aGorshkov, Alexey, V.1 aPatterson, David1 aZibrov, Alexander, S.1 aDoyle, John, M.1 aLukin, Mikhail, D.1 aPrentiss, Mara, G. uhttp://arxiv.org/abs/0805.1416v201661nas a2200217 4500008004100000245007400041210006900115260001400184300001400198490000600212520102000218100001701238700002301255700002501278700002201303700002101325700001901346700002301365700001801388856003701406 2008 eng d00aAnyonic interferometry and protected memories in atomic spin lattices0 aAnyonic interferometry and protected memories in atomic spin lat c2008/4/20 a482 - 4880 v43 a Strongly correlated quantum systems can exhibit exotic behavior called topological order which is characterized by non-local correlations that depend on the system topology. Such systems can exhibit remarkable phenomena such as quasi-particles with anyonic statistics and have been proposed as candidates for naturally fault-tolerant quantum computation. Despite these remarkable properties, anyons have never been observed in nature directly. Here we describe how to unambiguously detect and characterize such states in recently proposed spin lattice realizations using ultra-cold atoms or molecules trapped in an optical lattice. We propose an experimentally feasible technique to access non-local degrees of freedom by performing global operations on trapped spins mediated by an optical cavity mode. We show how to reliably read and write topologically protected quantum memory using an atomic or photonic qubit. Furthermore, our technique can be used to probe statistics and dynamics of anyonic excitations. 1 aJiang, Liang1 aBrennen, Gavin, K.1 aGorshkov, Alexey, V.1 aHammerer, Klemens1 aHafezi, Mohammad1 aDemler, Eugene1 aLukin, Mikhail, D.1 aZoller, Peter uhttp://arxiv.org/abs/0711.1365v101409nas a2200193 4500008004100000245006800041210006800109260001400177490000800191520083700199100001701036700002501053700001601078700002001094700002201114700001901136700002301155856003701178 2008 eng d00aCoherence of an optically illuminated single nuclear spin qubit0 aCoherence of an optically illuminated single nuclear spin qubit c2008/2/190 v1003 aWe investigate the coherence properties of individual nuclear spin quantum bits in diamond [Dutt et al., Science, 316, 1312 (2007)] when a proximal electronic spin associated with a nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center is being interrogated by optical radiation. The resulting nuclear spin dynamics are governed by time-dependent hyperfine interaction associated with rapid electronic transitions, which can be described by a spin-fluctuator model. We show that due to a process analogous to motional averaging in nuclear magnetic resonance, the nuclear spin coherence can be preserved after a large number of optical excitation cycles. Our theoretical analysis is in good agreement with experimental results. It indicates a novel approach that could potentially isolate the nuclear spin system completely from the electronic environment. 1 aJiang, Liang1 aDutt, M., V. Gurudev1 aTogan, Emre1 aChildress, Lily1 aCappellaro, Paola1 aTaylor, J., M.1 aLukin, Mikhail, D. uhttp://arxiv.org/abs/0707.1341v201158nas a2200169 4500008004100000245006700041210006700108260001300175490000800188520065200196100002500848700001700873700002000890700001800910700002300928856003700951 2008 eng d00aCoherent Quantum Optical Control with Subwavelength Resolution0 aCoherent Quantum Optical Control with Subwavelength Resolution c2008/3/70 v1003 a We suggest a new method for quantum optical control with nanoscale resolution. Our method allows for coherent far-field manipulation of individual quantum systems with spatial selectivity that is not limited by the wavelength of radiation and can, in principle, approach a few nanometers. The selectivity is enabled by the nonlinear atomic response, under the conditions of Electromagnetically Induced Transparency, to a control beam with intensity vanishing at a certain location. Practical performance of this technique and its potential applications to quantum information science with cold atoms, ions, and solid-state qubits are discussed. 1 aGorshkov, Alexey, V.1 aJiang, Liang1 aGreiner, Markus1 aZoller, Peter1 aLukin, Mikhail, D. uhttp://arxiv.org/abs/0706.3879v201383nas a2200157 4500008004100000245010900041210006900150260001300219490000700232520085500239100002501094700002101119700002301140700002501163856003701188 2008 eng d00aPhoton storage in Lambda-type optically dense atomic media. IV. Optimal control using gradient ascent 0 aPhoton storage in Lambdatype optically dense atomic media IV Opt c2008/4/40 v773 a We use the numerical gradient ascent method from optimal control theory to extend efficient photon storage in Lambda-type media to previously inaccessible regimes and to provide simple intuitive explanations for our optimization techniques. In particular, by using gradient ascent to shape classical control pulses used to mediate photon storage, we open up the possibility of high efficiency photon storage in the non-adiabatic limit, in which analytical solutions to the equations of motion do not exist. This control shaping technique enables an order-of-magnitude increase in the bandwidth of the memory. We also demonstrate that the often discussed connection between time reversal and optimality in photon storage follows naturally from gradient ascent. Finally, we discuss the optimization of controlled reversible inhomogeneous broadening. 1 aGorshkov, Alexey, V.1 aCalarco, Tommaso1 aLukin, Mikhail, D.1 aSorensen, Anders, S. uhttp://arxiv.org/abs/0710.2698v200984nas a2200181 4500008004100000245005700041210005700098260001400155490000700169520043900176100002000615700002500635700002400660700002500684700002300709700002600732856004400758 2007 eng d00aOptimal control of light pulse storage and retrieval0 aOptimal control of light pulse storage and retrieval c2007/6/150 v983 a We demonstrate experimentally a procedure to obtain the maximum efficiency for the storage and retrieval of light pulses in atomic media. The procedure uses time reversal to obtain optimal input signal pulse-shapes. Experimental results in warm Rb vapor are in good agreement with theoretical predictions and demonstrate a substantial improvement of efficiency. This optimization procedure is applicable to a wide range of systems. 1 aNovikova, Irina1 aGorshkov, Alexey, V.1 aPhillips, David, F.1 aSorensen, Anders, S.1 aLukin, Mikhail, D.1 aWalsworth, Ronald, L. uhttp://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0702266v101698nas a2200157 4500008004100000245008300041210006900124260001300193490000700206520119400213100002501407700001601432700002301448700002501471856004401496 2007 eng d00aPhoton storage in Lambda-type optically dense atomic media. I. Cavity model 0 aPhoton storage in Lambdatype optically dense atomic media I Cavi c2007/9/70 v763 a In a recent paper [Gorshkov et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 123601 (2007)], we used a universal physical picture to optimize and demonstrate equivalence between a wide range of techniques for storage and retrieval of photon wave packets in Lambda-type atomic media in free space, including the adiabatic reduction of the photon group velocity, pulse-propagation control via off-resonant Raman techniques, and photon-echo-based techniques. In the present paper, we perform the same analysis for the cavity model. In particular, we show that the retrieval efficiency is equal to C/(1+C) independent of the retrieval technique, where C is the cooperativity parameter. We also derive the optimal strategy for storage and, in particular, demonstrate that at any detuning one can store, with the optimal efficiency of C/(1+C), any smooth input mode satisfying T C gamma >> 1 and a certain class of resonant input modes satisfying T C gamma ~ 1, where T is the duration of the input mode and 2 gamma is the transition linewidth. In the two subsequent papers of the series, we present the full analysis of the free-space model and discuss the effects of inhomogeneous broadening on photon storage. 1 aGorshkov, Alexey, V.1 aAndre, Axel1 aLukin, Mikhail, D.1 aSorensen, Anders, S. uhttp://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0612082v201505nas a2200157 4500008004100000245008800041210006900129260001300198490000700211520099600218100002501214700001601239700002301255700002501278856004401303 2007 eng d00aPhoton storage in Lambda-type optically dense atomic media. II. Free-space model 0 aPhoton storage in Lambdatype optically dense atomic media II Fre c2007/9/70 v763 a In a recent paper [Gorshkov et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 123601 (2007)], we presented a universal physical picture for describing a wide range of techniques for storage and retrieval of photon wave packets in Lambda-type atomic media in free space, including the adiabatic reduction of the photon group velocity, pulse-propagation control via off-resonant Raman techniques, and photon-echo based techniques. This universal picture produced an optimal control strategy for photon storage and retrieval applicable to all approaches and yielded identical maximum efficiencies for all of them. In the present paper, we present the full details of this analysis as well some of its extensions, including the discussion of the effects of non-degeneracy of the two lower levels of the Lambda system. The analysis in the present paper is based on the intuition obtained from the study of photon storage in the cavity model in the preceding paper [Gorshkov et al., Phys. Rev. A 76, 033804 (2007)]. 1 aGorshkov, Alexey, V.1 aAndre, Axel1 aLukin, Mikhail, D.1 aSorensen, Anders, S. uhttp://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0612083v201814nas a2200157 4500008004100000245010800041210006900149260001300218490000700231520128500238100002501523700001601548700002301564700002501587856004401612 2007 eng d00aPhoton storage in Lambda-type optically dense atomic media. III. Effects of inhomogeneous broadening 0 aPhoton storage in Lambdatype optically dense atomic media III Ef c2007/9/70 v763 a In a recent paper [Gorshkov et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 123601 (2007)] and in the two preceding papers [Gorshkov et al., Phys. Rev. A 76, 033804 (2007); 76, 033805 (2007)], we used a universal physical picture to optimize and demonstrate equivalence between a wide range of techniques for storage and retrieval of photon wave packets in homogeneously broadened Lambda-type atomic media, including the adiabatic reduction of the photon group velocity, pulse-propagation control via off-resonant Raman techniques, and photon-echo-based techniques. In the present paper, we generalize this treatment to include inhomogeneous broadening. In particular, we consider the case of Doppler-broadened atoms and assume that there is a negligible difference between the Doppler shifts of the two optical transitions. In this situation, we show that, at high enough optical depth, all atoms contribute coherently to the storage process as if the medium were homogeneously broadened. We also discuss the effects of inhomogeneous broadening in solid state samples. In this context, we discuss the advantages and limitations of reversing the inhomogeneous broadening during the storage time, as well as suggest a way for achieving high efficiencies with a nonreversible inhomogeneous profile. 1 aGorshkov, Alexey, V.1 aAndre, Axel1 aLukin, Mikhail, D.1 aSorensen, Anders, S. uhttp://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0612084v201151nas a2200169 4500008004100000245006500041210006500106260001400171490000700185520063000192100002500822700001600847700002600863700002500889700002300914856004400937 2007 eng d00aUniversal Approach to Optimal Photon Storage in Atomic Media0 aUniversal Approach to Optimal Photon Storage in Atomic Media c2007/3/190 v983 a We present a universal physical picture for describing storage and retrieval of photon wave packets in a Lambda-type atomic medium. This physical picture encompasses a variety of different approaches to pulse storage ranging from adiabatic reduction of the photon group velocity and pulse-propagation control via off-resonant Raman fields to photon-echo based techniques. Furthermore, we derive an optimal control strategy for storage and retrieval of a photon wave packet of any given shape. All these approaches, when optimized, yield identical maximum efficiencies, which only depend on the optical depth of the medium. 1 aGorshkov, Alexey, V.1 aAndre, Axel1 aFleischhauer, Michael1 aSorensen, Anders, S.1 aLukin, Mikhail, D. uhttp://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0604037v3