@article {2530, title = {Quantum Computer Systems for Scientific Discovery}, year = {2019}, month = {12/16/2019}, abstract = {

The great promise of quantum computers comes with the dual challenges of building them and finding their useful applications. We argue that these two challenges should be considered together, by co-designing full stack quantum computer systems along with their applications in order to hasten their development and potential for scientific discovery. In this context, we identify scientific and community needs, opportunities, and significant challenges for the development of quantum computers for science over the next 2-10 years. This document is written by a community of university, national laboratory, and industrial researchers in the field of Quantum Information Science and Technology, and is based on a summary from a U.S. National Science Foundation workshop on Quantum Computing held on October 21-22, 2019 in Alexandria, VA.

}, url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/1912.07577}, author = {Yuri Alexeev and Dave Bacon and Kenneth R. Brown and Robert Calderbank and Lincoln D. Carr and Frederic T. Chong and Brian DeMarco and Dirk Englund and Edward Farhi and Bill Fefferman and Alexey V. Gorshkov and Andrew Houck and Jungsang Kim and Shelby Kimmel and Michael Lange and Seth Lloyd and Mikhail D. Lukin and Dmitri Maslov and Peter Maunz and Christopher Monroe and John Preskill and Martin Roetteler and Martin Savage and Jeff Thompson and Umesh Vazirani} } @proceedings {1935, title = {Experimental Comparison of Two Quantum Computing Architectures}, volume = {114}, year = {2017}, month = {2017/03/21}, pages = {3305-3310}, edition = {13}, abstract = {

We run a selection of algorithms on two state-of-the-art 5-qubit quantum computers that are based on different technology platforms. One is a publicly accessible superconducting transmon device [1] with limited connectivity, and the other is a fully connected trapped-ion system [2]. Even though the two systems have different native quantum interactions, both can be programmed in a way that is blind to the underlying hardware, thus allowing the first comparison of identical quantum algorithms between different physical systems. We show that quantum algorithms and circuits that employ more connectivity clearly benefit from a better connected system of qubits. While the quantum systems here are not yet large enough to eclipse classical computers, this experiment exposes critical factors of scaling quantum computers, such as qubit connectivity and gate expressivity. In addition, the results suggest that co-designing particular quantum applications with the hardware itself will be paramount in successfully using quantum computers in the future.

}, doi = {10.1073/pnas.1618020114}, url = {http://www.pnas.org/content/114/13/3305}, author = {N.M. Linke and Dmitri Maslov and Martin Roetteler and S. Debnath and C. Figgatt and K. A. Landsman and K. Wright and Christopher Monroe} } @article {1970, title = {Shorter stabilizer circuits via Bruhat decomposition and quantum circuit transformations}, year = {2017}, month = {2017/05/25}, abstract = {

In this paper we improve the layered implementation of arbitrary stabilizer circuits introduced by Aaronson and Gottesman in Phys. Rev. A 70(052328), 2004: to implement a general stabilizer circuit, we reduce their 11-stage computation -HC-P-C-P-C-H-P-C-P-C- over the gate set consisting of Hadamard, Controlled-NOT, and Phase gates, into a 7-stage computation of the form -C-CZ-P-H-P-CZ-C-. We show arguments in support of using -CZ- stages over the -C- stages: not only the use of -CZ- stages allows a shorter layered expression, but -CZ- stages are simpler and appear to be easier to implement compared to the -C- stages. Based on this decomposition, we develop a twoqubit gate depth-(14n\−4) implementation of stabilizer circuits over the gate library {H, P, CNOT}, executable in the LNN architecture, improving best previously known depth-25n circuit, also executable in the LNN architecture. Our constructions rely on Bruhat decomposition of the symplectic group and on folding arbitrarily long sequences of the form (-P-C-) m into a 3-stage computation -P-CZ-C-. Our results include the reduction of the 11-stage decomposition -H-C-P-C-P-C-H-P-C-P-C- into a 9-stage decomposition of the form -C-P-C-P-H-C-P-C-P-. This reduction is based on the Bruhat decomposition of the symplectic group. This result also implies a new normal form for stabilizer circuits. We show that a circuit in this normal form is optimal in the number of Hadamard gates used. We also show that the normal form has an asymptotically optimal number of parameters.

}, url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/1705.09176}, author = {Dmitri Maslov and Martin Roetteler} } @article {1245, title = {Easy and hard functions for the Boolean hidden shift problem}, journal = {Proceedings of TQC 2013}, volume = {22}, year = {2013}, month = {2013/04/16}, pages = {50-79}, abstract = { We study the quantum query complexity of the Boolean hidden shift problem. Given oracle access to f(x+s) for a known Boolean function f, the task is to determine the n-bit string s. The quantum query complexity of this problem depends strongly on f. We demonstrate that the easiest instances of this problem correspond to bent functions, in the sense that an exact one-query algorithm exists if and only if the function is bent. We partially characterize the hardest instances, which include delta functions. Moreover, we show that the problem is easy for random functions, since two queries suffice. Our algorithm for random functions is based on performing the pretty good measurement on several copies of a certain state; its analysis relies on the Fourier transform. We also use this approach to improve the quantum rejection sampling approach to the Boolean hidden shift problem. }, doi = {10.4230/LIPIcs.TQC.2013.50}, url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/1304.4642v1}, author = {Andrew M. Childs and Robin Kothari and Maris Ozols and Martin Roetteler} }